from the teeing ground. Depending on the hole, tee shots have either a shallow flight and long roll or a higher flight and minimal roll of the ball. Fairway shots are similar to drives, but executed without the tee, once the ball has been brought into play. Irons or wedges are used when playing from the fairway and the rough, not to mention "hazards". A bunker shot is played when the ball is in a bunker (sand trap). Sand wedges come into play, allowing the club to skid in the sand. On the green a putter comes in handy to "putt the ball". In this case, the ball rolls on the ground, never becoming air borne.
Golf is governed by rules and etiquettes regularly published by the R&A and USGA, covering matters such as safety, fair play, players' obligation etc. Whether playing on a link course or a parkland course, is a great game, replete with fun and frustration, ups and downs! (pun intended).
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Jonathan Brown recommends Golf Clubs for more information about golf.